Alternative fuels with safety equivalent to conventional fuels
Several climate neutral fuels, such as methanol, ammonia, and hydrogen, are proposed for shipping to meet environmental and climate goals (IMO, 2018). Because of their hazardous nature (flammability, toxicity) current regulations allow these fuels onboard only when additional safety measures are taken. The goal of these measures is to attain a safety level equivalent to conventional fuels. Both IMO (IMO, 2015) and CESNI (CESNI, 2021) regulations prescribe a risk-based approach to demonstrate the effectiveness of such measures.